Lake Victoria !

Greetings from Tanzania!

I would do a Swahili greeting but I’m still working on that one. From my understanding, it is ‘habari’ which means hello/how are you? The problem is, ‘habari’ is typically followed by more specific things like how is your work, how is your family, etc. I haven’t mastered that part yet…..so Greetings!

I don’t have the best Internet connection here so I’m going to keep my text short and just upload some pictures (it’s better than my describing it anyways). As a quick overview: I’m two weeks into my stay and have two weeks remaining. So far, work has been going very well as I’ve been able to collect a large portion of the samples and data that I need. A typical work day consists of packing the boat full of gear and people, traveling to one of four islands, setting up an “office” on the rocks, and processing samples and fishing all day. We generally leave between 6-8am (depending on which island we go to) and then return around 5-6pm. At this point, there is usually lots of fish that need to be sorted and processed so it’s not unusual to work until 10 or 11 at night. After a quick dinner and shower, it’s off to bed to repeat the process again the next day. It may sound boring, but it has actually been quite fun. I’ve seen lots of wildlife and the scenery is amazing. Most days are very hot and sunny (I’ve gotten a nice tan), while other days are nothing but wind and rain. Regardless of the weather, we are on the lake, working as usual. Wind, waves, and rain just mean you wear a rain suit and hold on a little tighter. There have been a few days where we all got a little seasick, much to the enjoyment of our Tanzanian boat drivers. Nonetheless, it really has been fun and I’m glad I got to come.

Below are some pictures of Tafari (the research station near the house), the boat, and various pictures of the lake and islands we work on. There has been a lot more that I’d love to have a picture of but I don’t dare have my camera out when the weather is bad. I guess sunny weather makes for better pictures anyway…

The main gate to Tafari.
Office and lab space at Tafari.
The hatchery where we keep live fish. You can see the lake in the background
Our boat full of gear. The only thing missing is 6 people.
A typical “office”.
A tornado on the lake!
It takes an hour to get to one of the islands which means some extra sleep.

Until next time!

Shane

Happy Birthday, Sissy !!

Today is my darling Sissy’s birthday!

We’ve been really lucky the past few years, and have started a “sister birthday trip” tradition. Let’s recap…

2011: 21st Birthday in Boston

2012: 22nd Birthday in Pittsburgh

2013: 23rd Birthday in Nashville

aka: the Totally Taylor Swift Tennessee Tour

…and that brings us to this year.

2014: 24th Birthday in Groningen!

Why sis! How lovely it is that you came all the way to The Netherlands for your birthday!

Naturally, I had to pick her up at the train station.

We had SUCH a delightful time! Meatball was equally as excited to see her Auntie K, and to find out that it’s her birthday

Sis and I took a little stroll through the Noorderplantsoen on the way home from the train station and met up with Shane.

Even though it was a short trip the weather was great. We were able to enjoy some coffee with a great view of the Martini Tower and casually stroll through the fish market.

Fish or no fish? What do you think Sis?

We wrapped everything up with a visit to my new work, and sis got to spend a little quality time with the best kitty everrrrrrrr (after Willie, may his kitty soul rest in peace)!

Happy Birthday, Sissy! I wish you were actually here with me!

And I would just like to point out that I think you’ve officially won the long hair contest since you’ve had your long luscious locks since at least 2011. #justsayin …not that I’m jealous or anything. I’ll still be hap hap happy to cut it for you! 😉

Love ya Sis, Mean it!

-Sis

Tanzania, here I come !

Well, it’s official; I’m heading to Africa!

This time next week, I’ll be on my way to Tanzania for fieldwork. Despite a few months of uncertainty and a significant amount of delay (to be expected when working with African nations), I’ll leave Sunday, September 21st and won’t return until October 20th. Living in Africa for a month and working on the largest tropical lake in the world? I’ll take it! To follow is a brief overview of where I’m going and what I’ll be doing.

Where am I going?

As I just mentioned, Lake Victoria is the largest tropical lake in the world (by surface area) and it is located in East Africa, bordered by the countries of Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania. It is home to around 500 different species of cichlid fishes (among numerous other types of fish), most of which have come into existence within a very short period of time. Geographical data has shown that the lake was completely empty for several thousand and only refilled about 12,000-13,000 years ago (no water = no fish!). For this reason, Lake Victoria is an excellent place to study how new species comes into existence. Speciation is typically a very, very slow process, taking millions of years to form separate species. Cichlids in Lake Victoria have formed 500+ species in only a few thousands of years (a very short time frame in terms of species development) and therefore give those interested in studying it an opportunity to observe speciation in ‘real-time’. This is what my project focuses on, speciation of cichlid fishes.

I will be living and working on the southern portion of the lake, near the city of Mwanza. All work will be based out of a research station, and from my understanding, I’ll be living in a house nearby. I’ll be joining a group of researchers from Switzerland, most of whom traveled to the lake last week. In addition, there are a few locals who we will rely on to drive the boats and serve as our general guides on the lakes. All in all, it seems I will be working with a diverse group, many of which have lots of experience on the lake

What will I be doing?

Cichlids are a diverse group of fishes that are found all over the word, in South America, India, and Africa. I would venture to guess that anyone reading this has actually had close interactions with a close relative of cichlids, tilapia.   Yep, the same tilapia you fix at home or order at Red Lobster is actually a close relative (in scientific terms: an ancestor) of the fish I will be studying. Cichlids of the East African Great Lakes – Lakes Malawi, Tanganyika, and Victoria – represent about 2,000 different species and have been studied extensively for a number of years. As I mentioned previously, Lake Victoria is an extremely young lake, whereas Malawi and Tanganyika are millions of years old. Additionally, Lake Victoria is relatively shallow and the water very turbid. In comparison, Lakes Malawi and Tanganyika are among the clearest lakes in the world. For this reason, the speciation processes that act in Lake Victoria are much different than those that act in Malawi and Tanganyika (and seem to act at a much faster pace).

I will be working with two very closely related species of cichlids, Pundamilia pundamilia and Pundamilia nyererei (Latin scientific names – no common names such as bluegill or bass). For simplicity, P. pundamilia is the ‘blue’ fish and P. nyererei is the ‘red’ fish. The two fish are very similar, differing mostly in the bright coloration of males. They occur at the same locations in the lake, with the blue fish in shallower depths and the red fish existing much deeper. Being that they are found at such different depths, the two fish live in very different lighting environments. Previous work has shown that the females of each species prefer the specific color of their species (red females prefer red males) and the way they perceive color differs (fish in deep water can see red much better while fish in shallow water can see blue much better). The purpose of my project will be to test how the different light environments has played a role in the formation of these two species (this is putting it very simply as there are lots of factors involved). This matters because Lake Victoria has recently undergone a dramatic change due to human activity around the lake. Increased agriculture and deforestation has caused the lake to become progressively more turbid. If vision and coloration is key to new species arising and maintaining their separation, then human activity could have detrimental effects. There is also the fact that the processes underlying speciation are of great interest but that only matters to science nerds like me.

My work will consist of not only collecting live fish to ship back to Groningen, but also taking light measurements at different depths in the lake and numerous preserved samples to be used later in molecule work. Outside of this, I’ll also be helping the rest of the members of the group with their respective projects. I’m not sure what all this involves but it will let me see much more of the lake and numerous other species of fish.

Males of each species we have in lab. The red one didn’t want his picture taken…

Travel

Since I am frequently asked about travel, I figure it’s worth sharing quickly. To get from Groningen to Mwanza, I have to do the following:

  1. 2 hour train ride from Groningen to Amsterdam Sunday afternoon (Sept. 21st)
  2. Leave Amsterdam at 9:00pm and land in Nairobi, Kenya at 6:10am (Sept. 22nd)
  3. Leave Nairobi at 8:10am and land in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania at 11:05am
  4. At this point, I have to collect all of my luggage and change airlines to a domestic carrier. This means rechecking in and going through security again. No worries, I have a 7-hour lay over…
  5. Leave Dar es Salaam at 6:50pm and land in Mwanza at 8:20pm
  6. Hire a driver to take me the research station at Lake Victoria

For those of you keeping track, that means a full 24 hours of travel from Groningen to Lake Victoria. Yay science!

Other News

Aside from prepping for the upcoming trip, life in Groningen is still going great! We now once again live in a college town, as school has restarted and all of the students have returned. I think we got a little spoiled with everyone being away for summer holiday and the streets being relatively empty. Biking now, with thousands of students, is quite the adventure. Weather wise, it’s already starting to get cooler here and most of the trees are beginning to drop their leaves. I’m sure by the time I return from Tanzania it will be quite cold.

Whitney is now two weeks into work and seems to really enjoy it. There was a bit of an adjustment for her, going into industry after being in academia for so long (industry is much more strict) but luckily it wasn’t too bad. She seems to really enjoy the people she works with and has already made plans with a work colleague to go clothes shopping once they get paid (I’m very thankful for this…better than me!). Being that she works with a small group of people, all of which are Dutch, she is really starting to get the hang of the language. In fact, she was able to order all of our meats for groceries in Dutch, without having to repeat anything! At this rate, I’ll have my own personal translator by the time I return.

So with that, I’ll call this post finished. If Internet is freely available at the research station, I’ll try to do another post while I’m in Tanzania. If not, I’ll take plenty of pictures and update in October.

Until next time!

Shane

I (wait for it…)

…GOT A JOB!!!

Yes. The jumping picture was necessary.

You’re looking at Mucosis’ newest “General Lab & Quality Control Technician”! Mucosis is a small, fairly new company that is working to develop vaccines that can be administered through the nose, like a nasal spray, instead of your typical injection. They have one product they are working hard to get to clinical trials by 2016, and my job was created!

Basically, I’ll be taking care of all the general lab things like ordering, shipping, equipment maintenance etc. on top of helping out with the quality control assays to keep things moving towards clinical trials.

This has been much anticipated as I first interviewed for the job during the first week of July. I had a really good feeling about it then, but you just never know. Regardless, I’m excited to say I was offered the job on Wednesday, and while everyone in the States is enjoying their Labor Day holiday, on Monday I’ll be starting my first day of work!

To top off all this excitement we had a celebratory lunch today at a place I’ve been eyeballing since we arrived….

t’ Pannekoekschip!

It’s a ship in the canal where they serve nothing but pancakes.

DREAM. COME. TRUE.

Seriously, I love pancakes. And these aren’t just any pancakes. They are huge! Shane had a Greek pancake with ground lamb, feta cheese, cucumbers, tomatoes & tzatziki sauce. I went for your standard bacon and banana. Anyone who comes to visit us will absolutely go aboard ‘t Pannekoekschip matey! …that was bad. Sorry.

So, in summary. I am employed! AND I found 5 euro on the ground after we left t’ Pannekoekschip! AND it’s gameday!

GO APPS!

Tot ziens!   

Whitney

Ice Bucket Challenge…and other news

WARNING: it was only going to be a matter of time before science began creeping into this blog. Who know it would be the ice bucket challenge that started it…

The ole’ ice bucket challenge: we’ve seen this thing for weeks now and knew it would be only a matter of time before we would be “nominated”. To be honest, we had hoped being in Europe would allow us to slip through the cracks and not take part. However, I should have known that if any one would draw me into this, it would be my uncle. So, with that being said, I braved the unseasonably cold temperatures and took part. Being that there still isn’t much going on here and Whitney said it was my turn to do a blog post, I figured I’d post on this. Believe it or not, there is a bit of story here that goes far beyond just dumping water on your head. Allow me to elaborate.

The ‘challenge‘:

Unless you have been hiding in cave for the past 2+ months, you have certainly heard about the ALS ice bucket challenge. While a little silly (for lack of a better word), it does have some real potential for doing some real good (more on this in a bit). The ‘challenge’ basically consists of being challenged to dump a bucket of ice water on your head and donating to ALS. Easy enough.

The ‘challenge’ here in the Netherlands:

Let me preface this by saying that it has been quite cold here for the past week or two. Highs have been only in the high 50’s to low 60’s and at night it has been dipping into the 40’s. Add to this the daily occurrence of wind and rain and it results in an August experience that we are not really accustomed to. For a while, we were wondering if it was just simply how things go here, that fall starts much earlier than we are used to. However, a recent news article pointed out that this is the coldest August in the Netherlands in 30 years. Apparently temperatures are normally in the mid 70’s range for this time of year. Whatever the cause, it has been very cold for summertime.

Aside from the weather factor, the ice bucket challenge requires two very key elements: ice and a bucket. We have neither. Now I admit, not having a bucket is not a deal breaker. A large cooking pot worked just fine. However, the ice factor is a little harder to over come. Whereas a large majority of the houses in the United States will have ice makers these days, or at the very least, some ice trays in the freezer, the same cannot be said for The Netherlands. To start, it is VERY rare for your apartment to have a full size refrigerator. Most places have only a small, dorm room size refrigerator. The Dutch do not do large, in bulk shopping (food preservatives are used to a much smaller extent here). Instead, most people go to the grocery store multiple times a week, if not everyday. Thus, there is no need for a large refrigerator. Because of the small refrigerator sizes, freezer space is essentially non-existent. As you can guess, this means no ice. The same is true if you are out at a restaurant and order a drink. Ice in your drink is not common and requesting it is a sure sign of being a ‘foreigner’. So as you can guess, such factors resulted in a bit of a dilemma when it came to me taking part in this challenge. Luckily, Whitney and I are the classic foreigners and were able to find a few, very small ice trays at a local store. So while a little on the wimpy side, my “bucket” was complete with ice.

Beyond the ‘challenge’:

Now obviously the most important part of this whole challenge thing is the fact that it is done to benefit the ALS foundation. From what I’ve read, it has raised millions of dollars for ALS. That’s awesome. However, being that I work in science and research and plan to make a career out of it, I can’t help but to have some reservations. Allow me to explain.

Science is a VERY expensive field. All of the research that you hear about on the news comes at a sizeable cost. Every single pill, vaccine, or treatment that has been “FDA approved” for human use and is prescribed by your doctor has had to go through years of clinical trials and tests. Once again, these trials and tests are not cheap. In some rare cases, researchers do get a small amounts of money to pursue their fields from their appointments with Universities or Medical Centers. However, the vast majority of their research funding comes from applying to grants from organizations such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) or the National Science Foundation (NSF). The problem is that the pool of money that NIH or NSF has to draw from to fund these potentially life saving trials is getting smaller and smaller with each science budget cut. Scientists and researchers tasked with finding and developing these life saving treatments are continually facing harder and harder economic pressures with less money to go around. Now I know there is an obvious argument to this: “everyone is facing harder times, not just the sciences”. I won’t argue this point. However, I will argue that those bankers and businessmen facing hard times will still be counting on those same drugs/vaccines/treatments that researchers could have developed had their funding not been cut. We all want to find the cure for cancer. However, that comes at a cost. Is it worth investing in? For a more relevant example, look at the current Ebola virus outbreak and the lack of a known treatment for it. The only way to find it is by funding research to study the virus.

Now, with all of that being said, I want to reiterate that I think this ice bucket challenge is fantastic. Again, it has raised millions for ALS. I specifically say “for ALS” because we can’t be sure that this money is actually going to research. Large non-profits like ALS do have fairly sizeable operating costs that they must meet. That’s something that can’t be avoided with such a large organization. At the same time, they also provide services and care for those with ALS. This is fantastic and I think nothing should change here. My concern is that once all of these costs are covered, how much does this leave for research? Is there enough to fund needed studies? It is only through focused, well-funded research that we will ultimately be able to beat such diseases (ALS, cancer, Ebola, etc.). This is where I’d like to see my donation used.

The irony in all of this is that, to my knowledge, there is really no way to directly fund research for a given cause (aside from just having enough money to fund a study yourself). I looked around a bit on the Internet and found a few sites that say they directly fund research, but I’ve never had any experience with them. Perhaps they do what they say? I’m not sure. The only real concrete option lies with changing the way our sciences are funded. Obviously, this gets into the realm of politics and it is not something I want to get into. I’ll just leave it at this: who you vote for and their willingness to fight for science makes a difference.

So, with that I end my rant on science. I did my ice bucket challenge and will donate to ALS. My hope is that if enough people are donating, a sizeable potion of this money will ultimately make it into the hands of researchers that can really work to make a difference in combating such diseases.

In other news:

Things here are still going well. Whitney had a second, follow-up interview with the biotech company she mentioned previously. They called back a few days later to let her know that they will now be contacting references and will call next week to discuss potential contract details. Normally, we would consider this very exciting news. However, here, we are not so sure. This process has now gone on for two months. You would think they could have contacted references a while ago. The way it stands, she has gotten no negative feedback, but they always stop short of offering her a position. Guess we will just wait and see. In the meantime, she has gotten quite good at yoga and keeps the house very clean. Her going back to work is really going to put a damper on my not having to do housework. Maybe we should rethink this…

Until next time,

Shane

We’re Still Here !

Sorry for the lack of posts… things have been pretty quiet around here the past couple of weeks.

     A few pieces of news though. I interviewed with a biotech company at the beginning of July, but since July/August are big vacation months I was told not to expect to hear anything until oh… now-ish. Yesterday, I finally heard back and have a 2nd interview next week. While not exactly what I was hoping for (aka: just give me the job already!!) they like me enough to bring me back in so that’s good news! Maybe my next post will be even better news…

     Shane also found out that he won’t be heading to Africa until end of September/beginning of October now. The permits should be approved in the next few days, and then they can start planning definitive dates. Yes, he’s already had his travel shots and is stocked up on malaria pills. No, he won’t be anywhere near the Ebola outbreak.

     Other than that I’ve decided to try my hand at yoga during the day while Shane’s at work (see above). That, and relive the 90’s through 6 seasons of Dawson’s Creek. #TeamPacey! We did go to a potluck hosted by a girl in Shane’s department. Since the department is very diverse we were told to bring something unique to where we are from. I went with a sweet potato casserole, and we were seriously shocked when we found out people here don’t really eat sweet potatoes and didn’t know what a casserole was (“I thought it was literally a roll!”).

     We also had our first visitor! Shane’s M.S. adviser from ECU, Jeff, came for an afternoon visit on Sunday. His daughter is spending the summer in Brussels so the family came to visit her. We spent the afternoon walking around city center and visiting the university.

Now, for your viewing pleasure, all the pictures at one time because I’m too lazy to embed them in the text today.

Tot Ziens!

Whitney

Oh! And P.S. – Exciting news! We figured out we can get free coffee at the grocery store. Coffee while you shop! Magical. So during my leisurely stroll through the store aisles, sipping my free coffee machine espresso, I came across these “American” pancakes. It was hilarious to me that these are the representation of American pancakes. I suppose after the pizza incident I should stop being surprised.

Happy 2 Monthiversary !

Hello!

As of today we have officially been here two months! Half of me thinks ‘I can’t believe we’ve been here 2 months!’ and then the other half thinks ‘I can’t believe we’ve ONLY been here 2 months!’. I think it’s safe to say we’re settled, and therefore life has just been… life? I suppose is the best way to describe it. Since July is ‘vakantie’ (vacation) month there is no news on the job front, and since we’re short on disposable income until then there is nothing terribly exciting happening.Here is what we’ve been up to the past couple of weeks…

1 Loving on the cat.

A lot. Shane takes a ‘hands-off’ approach while I just dive right on in for the love. I think she appreciates his way better.

2 Shane started his first round of experiments! 

Good side: He’s really excited about it, and happy to be working in the aquarium again instead of reading papers all day. Bad side: He’s been having to set up fish for trials on Sunday. Good side: He bribes me to help him with free cappuccinos and deluxe hot chocolates at work!

 3 We got our first care package!!

HUGE thank you to Kaitlin, Andrew, Mike, Michelle & Heather for the kind words and entertainment.

4 We’ve been spending some time exploring the city parks. 

There are 2 main parks, but lots of smaller ones scattered throughout. We spent the majority of one particularly hot Saturday lounging in the park and feeding the ducks.

5 We’re on the hunt for our favorite cafe. 

In Pittsburgh, Saturday mornings meant coffee with the Sufrinko’s. We’re keeping the tradition alive… just 6 hours ahead of them. So far our front-runners are De Kostery & Doppio. Not that those names really matter to anyone else reading this.

I think that about sums it up! And #sorryimnotsorry if the next couple of posts are all about cat. She’s our main form of entertainment these days.

Tot Ziens!

Whitney

Guess who’s back…

…back again! Meatball’s back. Tell a friend!

Seriously!

We didn’t see this one coming. Yesterday was day 12 of Miss Adventure Kitty’s disappearance, and while Shane and I hadn’t given up hope we were definitely coming to terms with the reality that she might not come home. I had already started whining to Shane about how I didn’t want to be a crazy cat lady without a cat. And I’m not sure how many know the story of Heathclifford, my sister’s cat. Long story short he was her best friend, wandered off, and never came home, so Sis and I had been lamenting over the fact that for two girls who love kitties so much we have the worst kitty luck.

Oh, Butters! Forever in our hearts.

I digress… Back to Meat Beazy.

Last night shortly after Shane and I went to bed my Netherlands phone rang. I would just like to point out that I have been self-diagnosed with RGTS (Reverse Grandma Technology Syndrome). AKA: I don’t know how to use this piece of sh*t prepaid phone we bought for over here. Great with iPhones, terrible with basic ones. Anyway, it rang & I made Shane answer it and it turns out it was our neighbor about 4 doors down. She said that they heard a cat in their garden (“It [the cat] is very loud!” … yup. sounds like her!) and brought her inside. Would we want to come down and see if it’s her.

YES!

Out the door we go, trying not to get our hopes up too much after the other grey cat incident, but sure enough it was her! She was meowing like crazy, but as soon as Shane picked her up she stopped and she was happy. Turns out, when I put a flyer into their mailbox shortly after she disappeared they kept it, and then when they found this random cat in their garden they knew it was her.

So, she’s HOME!! She seems to be uninjured. Only a little skinny, sneezy (someone has developed some allergies) and a small cut on her face, but overall just fine. A lot of the websites said that at about day 10 cats really start starving and come out to look for home/food so we figure that must have been the case. And since she was about 4 doors down it seems that we had been looking in the right area the whole time.

I think she will be staying away from the windows from now on, and we sure will remember to close them.

Tot ziens!

Whitney